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1989年，地球上仅剩620只山地大猩猩。如今，其种群已超过1,000只——在全球生物多样性普遍下降的背景下，这是一项非凡成就。这一成功是栖息地保护、护林员日常田野工作、兽医健康项目以及以高价值旅游为基础的资金模式相结合的结果。
山地大猩猩（Gorilla beringei beringei）自然分布区异常狭小：仅限于乌干达、卢旺达和刚果民主共和国边境沿线数千平方公里的山地森林。数十年来，它们遭受直接砍伐、盗猎以及人类传播疾病（因与人类遗传关系密切而尤为脆弱）的威胁。
1980年代，卢旺达引入观光徒步，乌干达随后跟进。原理简单：通过为活着的大猩猩创造经济价值——远超替代用途——产生保护它们的强大经济激励。一张800美元的徒步许可证产生的收入超过农民家庭从数公顷农地所能期待的收入。乌干达许可证收入约20%再分配给公园周边社区。更多信息请访问大猩猩徒步旅行主页。
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